牛粪、鸡粪和稻秆混合的沼气发酵特性与工艺优化
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2020-03-25 11:39:46
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2010年3月农业机械学报第41卷第3期DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1298.2010.03.022牛粪、鸡粪和稻秆混合的沼气发酵特性与工艺优化王晓娇李轶冰杨改河李敏任广鑫冯永忠(西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100)I摘要】采用可控恒温厌氧发酵装置,选用牛粪、鸡粪、稻秆3种原料,按干物质比例0:2:1、0.4:1.6:l、0.8:1.2:l、1.2:0.8:l、1.6:0.4:1、2:0:1混合,研究了各配比在15。C、20℃、25℃、30℃下的厌氧发酵情况。结果表明:随温度升高,各配比产气速率和累积产气量均增大,15℃下发酵周期最长,其他温度对发酵周期影响无显著差异;不同配比下,累积产气量均呈先增大后减小的趋势,牛粪、鸡粪、稻秆3种原料混合的发酵效果显著好于牛粪与稻秆、鸡粪与稻秆2种原料混合的发酵效果,但配比对发酵周期无显著影响。通过模型预测,得到最优工艺组合,在发酵温度为30℃,牛粪、鸡粪与稻秆配比为1.22:0.78:1时,可获得最大累积产气量为28308.7mL。关键词:沼气发酵牛粪鸡粪稻秆温度配比中图分类号:S216.4文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-1298(2010)03-0104-05FermentationandProcessOptimizationofMixedCowDung,ChickenManureandRiceStrawforBiogasProductionWangXiaojiaoLiYibingYangGaiheLiMinRenGuangxinFengYongzhong(CollegeofAgronomy,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling,Shannxi712100,China)AbstractFermentationofrawmaterialscanbemixedtomakeupfordeficienciesofthesinglefermentationandindifferentdegreestoenhancetheeffectoffermentationofrawmaterials.Thisresearchwascarriedoutincontrollableconstant—temperaturefermentationequipment.Cowdung,chickenmanureandricestrawwereselectedwiththeproportionsofTSratio(0:2:1,0.4:1.6:1,0.8:1.2:1,1.2:0.8:1,1.6:0.4:1,2:0:1)asrawmaterials,andbiogasfermentationattemperaturesof15。C,20℃,25。Cand300Cwasstudied.Themainconclusionsweredrawnasfollows:thebiogasproductionrateandcumulativebiogasyieldofeachproportionrosewiththeincreaseoftemperature;thefermentationperiodwaslongestat15。C,buttherewerenodifferenceamongtheothertemperatures;thecumulativebiogasyieldwasfirstincreasedandthendecreasedwiththechangeofproportion,thatwasfermentationofamixtureofthreetypesofrawmaterials——cowdung,chickenmanureandricestraw,wassignificantlybetterthantheeffectofthemixtureofCOWdungandricestraw,aswellasthemixtureofchickenmanureandricestraw,butnosignificantimpactonthefermentationperiod.Themodelpredicted,withtheoptimalcombinationoftechnology,thetemperatureof30℃andtheTSratioofCOWdung,chickenmanureandricestrawwasrespectively1.22:0.78:1,thecumulativebiogasyieldwasexpectedtoreachmaximum28308.7mL.KeywordsBiogasfermentation,Cowdung,Chicken
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