沉水-挺水培养水生植物去除污水中氮磷的效果研究

文章编号:1001-4829(2009)03-0786-05收稿日期:2009-03-30基金项目:广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻081600226);国家大学生创新性实验计划(GXDX200726);广西大学科研项目(CC160012)作者简介:张超兰(1971-),女,博士,副教授,研究方向为环境污染及其修复。沉水、挺水培养水生植物去除污水中氮磷的效果研究张超兰1,陈秀娟2,韦必帽1,李志刚1,刘帅1,李勤峰1(1.广西大学农学院农业资源与环境科学系,广西南宁530005;2.安徽南风环境工程技术有限公司,安徽合肥230001)摘要:通过在室内构建小型水生生态系统,研究了挺水和沉水培养模式下大水剑(AcorusCalamus)、太阳草(ToninaFluviatilis)、水萝兰(Hygrophiladifformis)3种水生植物体内氮磷含量及去除生活污水中氮磷的能力。结果表明,3种水生植物地上部和地下部氮累积量分别在68.43～279.31mg和23.44～170.13mg之间;地上部和地下部磷累积量分别在9.11～42.79mg和10.81～28.71mg之间。其中水萝兰体内氮磷累积总量最高,其次是太阳草,最低的是大水剑;挺水培养方式下氮磷积累量较沉水培养的高,但无显著差异。3种水生植物对污水中的氮、磷均有明显的去除效果,TN和TP的平均去除率分别在52.0%～72.4%和51.7%～77.1%之间。不同培养方式下不同水生植物去除污水中TN和TP的能力也有较大差异,从强到弱的顺序依次为:挺水培养太阳草>挺水培养水萝兰>沉水培养水萝兰>挺水培养大水剑>沉水培养大水剑。关键词:水生植物;挺水;沉水中图分类号:X322文献标识码:AStudyonRemovalEfficiencyofNitrogenandPhosphorusfromSewagebyAquaticMacrophtesunderTwoCultivationModesZHANGChao2lan1,CHENXiu2juan2,WEIBi2mao1,LIZhi2gang1,LIUShuai1,LIQin2feng1(1.DepartmentofAgriculturalResourcesandEnvironmentalScience,AgriculturalCollege,GuangxiUniversity,GuangxiNanning530005,China;2.AnhuiNanfengEnvironmentalEngineeringTechnologyCompany,AnhuiHefei230001,China)Abstract:Basedonthelaboratorybuildingthesmallaquaticecosystem,removalefficiencyoftotalnitrogen(TN)andtotalphosphorus(TP)byAcorusCalamus,ToninaFluviatilisandHygrophiladifformiswithsubmergedandemergedcultivationwasresearched.TheresultsshowedthatthecontentofTNwas68.43-279.31and23.44-170.13mginshootsandinroots,respectively.ThecontentofTPwas9.11-42.79mgand10.81-28.71mginshootsandinroots,respectively.ThehighestcontentofTNandTPwasinHygrophiladifformis,andthenToninaFluviatilis,thelowestinAcorusCalamus.AndthecontentofTNandTPwashigherbyemergedthanbysubmergedtreatment,butitwasnotsignificateddifferentatthesamespieceaquaticsplant.Comparedwithcontrol,theremovalefficiencyofTNandTPweresignificateddifferentwithhydrophytes.TheaverageremovalratetoTNandTPwas52.0%-72.4%and51.7%-77.1%,respectively.Thecomprehensivee2valuationresultindicatedthat,accordingtoplantremovalabilitytoTNandTP,theorderwas:ToninaFluv