市政污水处理厂生物除磷运行效能与机理分析

中国环境科学2010，30(12)：1614-1621ChinaEnvironmentalScience市政污水处理厂生物除磷运行效能与机理分析张志剑9周林强，李慧，王行，陈晓燕，朱希，徐心(浙江大学环境与资源学院，环境科学研究所，浙江杭州310029)摘要：选取浙江北部10个污水处理厂，调研污水厂生物除磷的运行效能并开展污泥活性以及微生物分布特征及其除磷机理的研究．通过活性污泥批试验表明，厌氧释磷率和好氧聚磷率(以P计)平均为2．4mg／(g．h)和2．2mg／(g．h)；反硝化聚磷菌(DPAOs)占聚磷菌(PAOs)的比例为0．O％～80．1％．荧光原位杂交法(FIsH】对活性污泥微生物群落结构分析表明，聚磷菌(PAOs)比例为2．OVa8．7％，聚糖菌(GAOs)比例为1．3％-22．4％．根据调查结果和生物除磷性能研究，可通过调整污水营养成分和设置独立前置反硝化池等方法改善除磷效果．关键词：强化生物除磷；荧光原位杂交；聚磷菌；聚糖菌；反硝化聚磷菌中图分类号：X703．1文献标识码：A文章编号：1000—6923(2010)12161408Efectivenessesandmechanismofenhancedbiologicalphosphorusremoval(EBPR)ofmunicipalwastewatertreatmentplants．ZHANGZhi-jian’，ZHOULin·qiang，LIHui，WANGHang，CHENXiao-yan，ZHUXi，XUXin(InstituteofEnvironmentalScience，CollegeofEnvironmentalandResourceSciences，ZhejiangUniversity，Hangzhou310029，China)．ChinaEnvironmentalScience，2010，30(12)：1614～1621Abstract：Theperformanceofenhancedbiologicalphosphorusremoval(EBPR)andtheactivityoffunctionalmicroorganismscommunityintenmunicipalwastewatertreatmentplantsinnorthregionofZhejiangProvincewereinvestigated．TheratesofaveragePreleaseanduptakewerefoundabout2．4mg／(g_h)，and2．2mg／(g．h)，respectively．Denitrifyingpolyphosphateaccumulatingorganisms(DNPAOs)wereestimatedtobe0．O％-80．1％ofthepolyphosphateaccumulatingorganisms(PAOs)．AndthefractionsofAccumulibacterasthefamilyofPAOs，andCompetibacteraspotentialglycogenaccumulatingorganisms(GAOs)werequantifiedusingfluorescenceinsituhybridization(FISH)．TheproportionsofPAOsandGAOswerevariedfrom2．0％to8．7％，and1-3％to22．4％，respectively．Soit’Sagreatchallengeforthesewastewatertreatmentplantstomeetthehigherrequirementsfordischarge．Itshouldbebettertoreducetheindustrialwastewaterproportionsandsetaseparatepre-denitrifyingtanktofavorEBPRsystem．Keywords：enhancedbiologicalphosphorusremoval(EBPR)；fluorescenceinsituhybridization(FISH)；polyphosphateaccumulatingorganisms(PAOs)；glycogenaccumulatingorganisms(GAOs)；denitrifyingpolyphosphateaccumulatingorganisms(DNPAOs)城市水污染问题与市政污水处理厂运行效能及其污染物排放控制有关．由于磷素是水体富营养化的关键因子IJJ，因而污水处理厂生物除磷效能研究及其增效技术研发已成为学者与管理层的共同关注点．强化生