生物净化槽中除磷菌的筛选鉴定与工艺优化

安徽农业科学，JournalofAnhuiA．Sci．2010，38(1)：253—255责任编辑朱新秀责任校对卢瑶生物净化槽中除磷菌的筛选鉴定与工艺优化江晨舟(东华大学环境科学与工程学院，上海201620)摘要[目的]筛选出1株专性除磷茵并优化其培养条件。[方法]利用筛选及分离培养基从采自崇明岛使用的生物净化槽的菌种中筛选出专性除磷菌并优化其培养条件。[结果]筛选出的菌株C-7为杆菌，革兰氏染色反应呈阳性，茵落呈灰白色，圆形，鞭毛侧生。培养温度为35℃时，菌株C-7的除磷效率最高。培养液的总磷(TP)去除率在前4d里逐渐增大，至第5天达最大值，此后基本保持稳定。鉴定结果表明，该菌株为枯草杆菌。该菌株生长的最佳初始pH值和初始温度分别为6．5～7．0和3O～35℃，5d后培养液中TP的降解率达20．3％。崇明岛厌氧净化槽一生态浮床组合工艺对磷平均去除率为79．4％，厌氧净化槽对去除IP的贡献率为53％。该菌株在最佳环境条件下的除磷率可达20．3％。[结论]该研究为农村地区的生活污水处理提供了技术支持。关键词农村生活污水；厌氧净化槽；厌氧除磷菌；反应条件中图分类号X172文献标识码A文章编号0517—6611(2010)01—00253—03ScreeningIdentificationandOptimizationonDephosphorizationStrainsinBiologicalPurificationTankJIANGChen·zhou(CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering，DonghanUniversity，Shanghai201620)Abstract[Objective]Thestudyaimedtoscreenoutaspecialdeph0sphorizationstrainandoptimizeitscuhureconditions．[Method]Aspe—cialdephosphorizati0nstrainwasscreenedoutfromthestrainscollectedfromthebiologicalpurificationtankusedinChongmingIslandbyusingscreeningandisolationmediaanditscultureconditionswereoptimized．【ResultlTheselectedstrainC-7wasaGram—positivebacillusanditscolonywasoffwhiteandroundandhadlateralflagella．Whentheculturetemperaturewas35oC，thedeph0sphorizati0neficiencyofthestrainC-7washighest．Theremovedrateoftotalphosphorous(TP)fromtheculturesolutionwasgraduallyincreasedintheformer4dandreacheditsmaximumonthe5thday．afterthat．itwaskeptstablebasically．TheidentifieationresultsshowedthatthestrainwasBacillussubtillsandtheoptimuminitialpHvalueandinitialtemperatureforitsgrowthwere6．5—7．0and30—35oCresp．ThedegradedrateofTPintl1eculturesolutionreached2O．3％afier5d．Theaverageremovedrateofphosphorousbyanaerobicpurificationtank—ecologicalfloatingbedcombinationtechnologywas79．4％inChongmingIslandandthecontributionrateofanaerobicpurificationtanktoremovingTPwas53％．1’hedephospho—rizationrateofthestrainintheoptimumenvironmentcouldbeupto20．3％．1Conclusionln1isstudysuppliedtechnica1suppo~forprocess—ingdomesticsewageinruralarea．KeywordsRuraldomesticsewage：Anaerobicpurificationtank：Anaerobicd