MBR在净水工艺中的膜污染特征及清洗
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2020-04-07 17:50:18
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2003Vo1.19中国给水排水CHINAWATER&WASTEWATERNo.5MBR在净水工艺中的膜污染特征及清洗黄霞,莫罹(1.清华大学环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100084;2.建设部城市水资源中心,北京100007)摘要:采用悬浮生长型和两种附着生长型膜生物反应器(M口EjR)处理微污染源水,考察了各种MBR的膜污染特征及清洗情况。通过电镜观察污染膜表面,发现不同MBR的膜外表面污染特征不同。而膜内表面均无明显污染。对污染膜进行物理和化学清洗试验表明,常规物理清洗可使滤饼层大部分脱落,但对膜过滤性能的恢复效果较差;碱洗对膜过滤性能的恢复作用显著,有机污染对膜阻力的“贡献”最大。附着生长型MBR的污染膜表面粘性较大,常规物理清洗效果差,采用超声波清洗可使膜过滤性能恢复约30%,与超声波结合的化学清洗效果优于常规化学清洗。对膜污染化学洗脱液成分的分析表明,MBR中的膜污染与混凝一微滤膜组合工艺(C—MF)相比,有机污染物含量较高,Ca元素含量较低,腐殖质组分略高。两种工艺条件下洗脱液中溶解性有机污染物均以小分子有机物为主;与C—MF相比,MBR的膜污染洗脱液中大分子有机物增多,推测与反应器内微生物代谢产物的产生有关。关键词:MBR;给水处理;膜污染;清洗中图分类号:TU991.24文献标识码:A文章编号:1000—4602(2003)05—0008—05CharacteristicsofMembraneFoulingandItsCleaninginMembraneBioreactorsforWaterPurificationHUANGXia.Ⅳ【OLi‘(1.StateKeyJointLabofESPC,TsinghuaUniversity,BeOing100084,China;2.UrbanWaterResourcesCenter,MinistryoyConstruction,BeOing100007,China)Abstract:SuspendedgrowthtypeandattachedgrowthtypeMembraneBioreactors(MBRs)wereusedtotreatmicro—pollutedsourcewater.Investigatedwasmadeonthecharacteristicsofmem—branefoulinganditscleaning.ThesurfaceoffouledmembranewasobservedbymeansofSEM,anditwasfoundthatthefoulingofexteriormembranesurfacevarieswithdifferenttypesofMBRandthein—teriormembranesurfacehasbeenlittlefouled.Physicalandchemicalcleaningwasusedtoeliminatemembranefouling.Theresultsshowedthattheconventionalphysicalcleaningisabletoremovemostofcakelayer,buthaslittleeffectonmembranepermeabilityrecovery.Alkalinecleaningiseffectivetorecoverthemembranepermeability,andorganicmatteristhemajorcomponentaffectingthemembranefouling.ThefouledmembranesurfaceofattachedgrowthtypeMBRismoresticky,andtheeonven—tionalphysicalcleaninghaslittleeffect.Whereasultrasoniccleaningismoreeffectivetorecoverthemembranebyabout30%.andthecombinationofultrasonicwithchemicalcleaningismoreeffective基金项目:清华大学“985”重点科研项目(082100200)·8·维普资讯http://www.cqvip.com2003V01.19中国给水排水No.5thantheconventionalchemicalcleaning.Bymakinganalysisonthecomponentofchemicalelutriate,itWaSshowedthatthefoulantsin.田lRarecharacterizedbycontainingmoreorganicfoul
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