硝化棉凝胶的制备及热稳定性分析

256火炸药学报火炸药学报ChineseJournalofExplosives&Propellants第41卷第3期2018年6月DOI：10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2018.03.007硝化棉凝胶的制备及热稳定性分析张翔、黄振亚、潘胜、胡向明、徐军2，白玉奇2(1.南京理工大学化工学院，江苏南京210094&.北京奥新科技发展有限公司，北京100040%摘要：采用钛酸四乙酯、异丙醇铝、硅酸四甲酯为交联剂制备了新型硝化棉凝胶，通过溶解实验和控制变量实验验证了硝化棉凝胶的生成及其交联反应的活性点，用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR)表征了凝胶的化学结构，用数字显微镜观察了凝胶的形貌，通过干燥实验表征了凝胶的载液性能，采用热重分析仪（TG)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析了凝胶的热稳定性能。结果表明，3种交联剂能与硝化棉反应生成凝胶；交联剂与未酯化羟基发生酯交换反应；钛酸四乙酯、异丙醇铝硝化棉凝胶胶囊发育良好，具有较强的载液性能；与纯硝化棉相比，有机钛硝化棉凝胶第一分解放热峰温度提前54.3';有机硅硝化棉凝胶的放热峰温度基本无变化；有机铝硝化棉凝胶起始热分解温度提高8.7'。关键词：材料科学&肖化棉凝胶；酯交换反应；热稳定性；交联剂；载液性能中图分类号：T：55;O648文献标志码：A文章编号：1007-7812(2018)03-0256-05PreparationandThermalStabilityAnalysisofNitrocelluloseGelsZHANGXiang1,HUANGZhen-ya1,PANSheng1,HUXiang-ming1,XUJun2,BAIYu-qi2(1.SchoolofChemicalEngineering，NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology，Nanjing210094,China；2.BeijingAOXINTechnologyDevelopmentCo.，Ltd.,Beijing100040,China)Abstract：Newnitrocellulosegelswerepreparedbyusingtetraethyltitanate，aluminumisopropoxideandtetrameth-ylorthosilicateascrosslinkingagents.Thegenerationanditsactivitypointofcrosslinkingreactionfornitrocellulosegelswereverifiedbythesolubilityexperimentandthecontrolvariableexperiment.ThechemicalstructuresofthegelswerecharacterizedbyaFouriertransforminfraredspectrometer(FTIR)andthemorphologieswereobservedbyadigitalmicroscope.Theperformanceofgelcarrierfluidwascharacterizedbyadryingexperiment.Thermalstabiii-tyofthegelswereanalyzedusingthermogravimetricanalyzer(TG)anddifferentialscanningcalorimeter(DSC).Theresultsshowthatthethreekindsofcrosslinkingagentscanreactwithnitrocellulosetoformagel.Thecrosslinkingagentandunesterifiedhydroxyloccursthetransesterification.Thetetraethyltitanate/aluminumiso­propoxide/nitrocellulosegllcapsulesarewelldevelopedwithstrongperformanceofthecarrierliquid.Comparedwithpurenitrocellulose，thefirstdecompositiontemperatureoforganictitanium/nitrocellulosegllshifts54.3'downwards.Nochangeintheexothermicpeaktemperatureoftheorganicsilicon/nitrocellulosegllisobserved.Theinitialdecompositiontemperatureofor