Optimal design and operation of a UASB reactor for

Optimal design and operation of a UASB reactor for dairy cattle manureOptimaldesignandoperationofaUASBreactorfordairycattlemanureF.Haugena,⇑,R.Bakkea,B.Liea,J.Hovlandb,K.VasdalcaTelemarkUniversityCollege,KjolnesRing56,N-3918Porsgrunn,NorwaybTel-Tek,N-3918Porsgrunn,NorwaycTelemarkUniversityCollege,Porsgrunn,andFossFarm,Skien,NorwayarticleinfoArticlehistory:Received6November2013Receivedinrevisedform17November2014Accepted2January2015Keywords:AnaerobicdigestionUASBreactorBiogasMathematicalmodelsOptimizationabstractOptimaldesignandoperationofaplannedfull-scaleUASBreactoratadairyfarmaredeterminedusingoptimizationalgorithmsbasedonsteadystatesimulationsofadynamicADprocessmodelcombinedwithmodelsofthereactortemperatureandheatexchangertemperaturesbasedonenergybalances.Availablefeedstockis6m3/ddairymanureproducedbytheherd.Threealternativeoptimizationproblemsaresolved:Maximizationofproducedmethanegasflow,minimizationofreactorvolume,andmaximizationofpowersurplus.Constraintsoftheoptimizationproblemsa