人工湿地系统用于地表水水质改善的效能及特征_刘红

人工湿地系统用于地表水水质改善的效能及特征刘红1,代明利1,刘学燕2,欧阳威1,刘培斌3(1.北京师范大学环境科学研究所环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875,E-mail:LH64@sina.com;2.中国农业大学环境工程系,北京10094;3.北京市水利科学研究所,北京100044)摘要:在北京官厅水库附近建立潜流人工湿地(总面积:3×20m×2m),芦苇、蒲草混合种植,研究其在不同季节条件下对地表水的处理效能及特征,分析了进水浓度、水力负荷、温度对污染物去除率的影响.结果表明,系统对地表水有较好的处理效果,CODMn和NH+4-N的出水浓度与进水浓度的回归关系遵从线性关系;系统对TN、TP的去除率分别为20%～60%和30%～45%;污染物的去除率随温度的降低而降低,随水力负荷率的增加而降低;CODMn、NH+4-N和TN的去除率与其进水浓度呈正相关,而TP去除率与其进水浓度呈负相关.并研究建立了潜流湿地冬季运行管理措施。关键词:人工湿地;水质改善;地表水;官厅水库中图分类号:X524文献标识码:A文章编号:0250-3301(2004)04-0065-05收稿日期:2003-05-31;修订日期:2003-07-08基金项目:国家重点科技攻关计划项目(96-920-40-04).作者简介:刘红(1964～),女,博士,教授,主要从事水污染控制与资源化、微污染水源水净化和流域污染治理方面的研究工作.PerformanceofTreatmentWetlandSystemsforSurfaceWaterQualityImprovementLIUHong1,DAIMing-li1,LIUXue-yan2,OUYANGWei1,LIUPei-bin3(1.StateKeyJointLaboratoryofEnvironmentalSimulationandPollutionControl,InstituteofEnvironmentalSciences,BeijingNor-malUniversity,Beijing100875,ChinaE-mail:LH64@sina.com;2.EnvironmentalEngineeringDepartment,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100094,China;3.BeijingHydraulicResearchInstitute,Beijing100044,China)Abstract:IntercroppedwithPhragmitescommunisandTyphaangustifolia,subsurfaceflowconstructedwetlandsystems(CWs)withthesurfaceareaof3×20m×2mwereestablishedbesideGuantingReservoir,animportantsourcewaterbaseofBeijing.Thetreatmentperformanceofthesystemswithdifferentseasonwerestudied,theimpactsofinfluentconcentration,hydraulicloadingrateandwatertemperatureoncontaminationsremovalwereanalyzed.TheresultshowedthatthesubsurfaceflowCWshadthebetterdecontamina-tioneffecttomicro-pollutionsurfacewater.TherelationshipbetweentheconcentrationsofCODMnandNH+4-Nininflowandoutflowfollowedthelinearequation.Theremovalratesoftotalnitrogen(TN)andtotalphosphorus(TP)inthesystemswere20%～60%and30%～45%,respectively.Theremovalratesofcontaminationswerereducedwiththedecreaseofwatertemperatureandthein-creaseofhydraulicloadingrate,theremovalratesofCODMn,NH+4-NandTNshowedthepositivecorrelationwiththeirinflowcon-centration,buttheremovalrateofTPshowedthenegativecorrelation