水中全氟化合物的活性炭吸附特性研究

水中全氟化合物的活性炭吸附特性研究孙博马1，2’。一(1哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院，哈尔滨150090；2城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室，哈尔滨150090)摘要针对5种具有不同碳氟链长度的全氟羧酸，选择了4种不同基质的活性炭，开展了活性炭吸附水中全氟羧酸污染物特性的研究。在试验所使用的4种活性炭中，以椰壳和木材为基质的活性炭对全氟羧酸的吸附能力最强。通过水磨法将粉末活性炭制备为超微粉末活性炭(粒径约为1．2肛m)后，其吸附容量没有明显变化，仅吸附效率得到了显著提高，在吸附开始的5min内即能够达到吸附平衡。碳氟链长度与活性炭吸附水中全氟羧酸的效果密切相关，全氟羧酸的碳氟链长度越长，其亲水性越弱，活性炭对其的吸附效果越好。当水中pH和离子强度分别为7．2和0．02时，15mg／L的椰壳活性炭能够吸附909／6初始浓度为500ng／L的全氟辛酸，但仅能去除水中不高于1O的全氟丁酸。根据试验结果，较低的pH有利于全氟羧酸的活性炭吸附，水中的离子强度与可溶性有机物能够抑制全氟羧酸的吸附去除。关键词全氟化合物全氟羧酸活性炭吸附Studyonadsorptioncharacteristicsofperflu0rinatedcompoundsonactivatedcarbonSunBo．MaJun，SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering，HarbinInstituteofTechnology，Harbin150090，China；2．StateKeyLaboratoryofUrbanWaterResourceandEnvironment，H以r6J50090。ina)Abstract~Inthisstudy，experimentswereconductedtoinvestigateadsorptionoffivehomolo—gousperfluoroalkylacidsonactivatedcarbonspreparedfromfourdifferentrawmaterials．Amongthefourkindsofactivatedcarbonsappliedinthisstudy。coconutshellandwoodactivatedcarbonsshowedthehighestadsorptioncapacityforperfluorocarboxylicacids．Thepowderactivatedcarbonwasconvertedtoultrafineactivatedcarbonbywet—milling(～1．2“m)．Thisonlyresultedinsig—nificantlyimprovedadsorptionrate，whichcouldreachadsorptionequilibriumwithin5minutes，buttheadsorptioncapacitydidnotchangesignificantly．Theperf1uorocarboxylicacidsadsorptiononactivatedcarbonwascloselyrelatedtothelengthofthefluorocarbonchains．ThelongertheC_Fchainstheperfluoroalkylacidscontained，theweakerthehydrophilicitytheydisplayed，andthemoreeffectivelytheycouldbeadsorbedbyactivatedcarbon．WhenthepHandionicstrengthwere7．2and0．02respectively，morethan90oftheinitial500ng／LPFOAcouldbeadsorbedby15mg／Lcoconutshellpowderedactivatedcarbon，butonlylessthan10ofPFBAinwatercouldberemoved．TheresultsshowedthatlowerpHvaluecouldenhancetheadsorptionofperfluoroal—kylacids，butNOMandhigherionicstrengthcouldhindertheadsorption．Keywords：Perfluorinatedcompounds；Perfluoroalkylacid；Activatedcarbon；Adsorption国家自然科学基金面上项目(51378141)。14给水排水Vo1．43No．220170引言全氟化合物(perfluorinatedcompounds