_曝气强度对膜生物反应器处理石化废水工艺运行特征的影响

曝气强度对膜生物反应器处理石化废水工艺运行特征的影响*高小波杨永哲王珂(西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院，西安710055)摘要:采用膜生物反应器(MembraneBioreactor，MBＲ)处理石化废水，研究曝气强度分别为1.50，3.00m3/(m2·h)的条件下，MBＲ对石化废水中主要污染物的去除特征、跨膜压差(TransMembranePressure，TMP)和混合液性质的变化特征。结果表明:在两种曝气强度条件下MBＲ对COD、NH+4－N及挥发酚等污染物的平均去除率分别为80.74%、80.23%、96.79%和97.55%、99.34%、98.84%，即在不同曝气条件下，曝气强度的变化对MBＲ的污染物去除性能无显著影响。但随着曝气强度由1.50m3/(m2·h)增加到3.00m3/(m2·h)，MBＲ达到设定的最大跨膜压差(TMPMax=25kPa)的运行时间由11.8d增加到31.4d，TMP上升速率降低。通过活性污泥颗粒粒径分析发现:增加曝气强度后，对膜污染影响显著的活性污泥颗粒粒径范围(0～2μm)所占体积比由2.10%减小到1.78%;并且混合液中溶解性微生物产物(solublemicrobialproduct，SMP)和胞外聚合物(extracellularpolymericsubstance，EPS)质量浓度分别由24.07mg/L和15.66mg/g减小到15.14mg/L和9.81mg/g，从而降低了膜污染速率。关键词:膜生物反应器;曝气强度;污染物;跨膜压差;混合液性质DOI:10.13205/j．hjgc．201412011EFFECTOFAEＲATIONINTENSITYONOPEＲATIONALCHAＲACTEＲISTICSOFMEMBＲANEBIOＲEACTOＲ(MBＲ)FOＲPETＲOCHEMICALWASTEWATEＲTＲEATMENTGaoXiaoboYangYongzheWangKe(SchoolofEnvironmentalandMunicipalEngineering，Xi'anUniversityofArchitectureandTechnology，Xi'an710055，China)Abstract:Thelaboratory-scalemembranebioreactor(MBＲ)wasemployedforthepetrochemicalwastewatertreatment．Thepollutantremovalperformance，characteristicsoftransmembranepressure(TMP)andmixedliquorinMBＲwereinvestigatedundertheaerationintensitiesof1.50and3.00m3/(m2·h)，respectively．TheresultsshowedthattheaverageremovalrateofCOD，NH+4－Nandvolatilephenolwere80.74%and80.23%，96.79%and97.55%，99.34%and98.84%，respectively．Thisindicatesthattheaerationintensity，whichusedinthisstudy，hasinsignificanteffectsontheperformanceofMBＲ．Asaerationintensityincreasedfrom1.50m3/(m2·h)to3.00m3/(m2·h)，theoperationaltimethatreachingthemaximumtransmembranepressure(TMPMax=25kPa)wasincreasedfrom11.8dto31.4d．theTMPincreasingratewasreduced．Thevolumepercentageofparticlesizerangedfrom0μmto2μmwasdecreasedfrom2.10%to1.78%whentheaerationintensityincreasedfrom1.50m3/(m2·h)to3.00m3/(m2·h)．Itwasdeterminedthattheparticlerangedfrom0μmto2μmpresentssignificantinfluenceonmembranefouling．While，solublemicrobialproduct(SMP)andextracellularpolymericsubstance(EPS)concentrationinmixedliquorreducedfrom24.07