养猪场养殖废水与化肥配施对小麦中微量元素含量和品质的影响

养猪场养殖废水与化肥配施对小麦中微量元素含量和品质的影响*高摇威摇陶晓婷摇王远玲摇全晓艳摇徐摇杏摇陆建飞摇庄恒扬**(扬州大学农学院江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室,江苏扬州225009)摘摇要摇以淮河以南麦区大面积种植的春性小麦品种扬麦18为供试材料,研究了越冬期不同用量养猪处理废水(30、60、90和120m3·hm-2)和穗期施氮水平(0、30、60和90kg·hm-2)对小麦中微量元素含量和籽粒品质的影响.结果表明:小麦地上部植株Ca、Mg和Fe含量随着生育期的推进先下降后上升,Cu、Zn和Mn含量则呈不断下降趋势.Ca、Mg、Cu和Zn含量除拔节期以外,均以施用处理废水120m3·hm-2并穗期施氮90kg·hm-2为最高;各生育期Fe和Mn含量均以施用处理废水120m3·hm-2并穗期施氮90kg·hm-2为最高.Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn含量在各生育期均随着处理废水施用量的增加而增加.在品质方面,施用处理废水90m3·hm-2并穗期施氮60kg·hm-2为最佳施肥模式.养猪处理废水通过厌氧无害化处理后与氮肥配施应用于小麦栽培,能促进小麦植株微量元素的提高并改善籽粒品质,整体而言,以越冬期施入60~120m3·hm-2处理废水、穗期配施氮肥90kg·hm-2为宜.关键词摇养猪废水摇小麦摇中微量元素摇品质文章编号摇1001-9332(2014)02-0433-08摇中图分类号摇S512.1;X713摇文献标识码摇AEffectsofcombinedapplicationsofpigfarmslurryandchemicalfertilizeronmedium鄄andmicro鄄elementcontentsandqualityofwheat.GAOWei,TAOXiao鄄ting,WANGYuan鄄ling,QUANXiao鄄yan,XUXing,LUJian鄄fei,ZHUANGHeng鄄yang(JiangsuProvinceKeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandPhysiology,CollegeofAgriculture,YangzhouUniversity,Yangzhou225009,Jiangsu,China).鄄Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2014,25(2):433-440.Abstract:TakingYangmai18,widelycultivatedinsouthofHuaiheRiver,asexperimentalmateri鄄al,thisstudyinvestigatedtheeffectsofapplicationof0,30,60,90and120m3·hm-2pigfarmslurry(PS)atthewinteringstagecombinedwiththeapplicationof0,30,60,90kg·hm-2ureaattheheadingstageonmedium鄄andmicro鄄elementcontentsandqualityofwheat.TheresultsshowedthattheCa,MgandFecontentsofplantfirstlydecreasedthenincreasedwiththeextensionofthegrowthperiod,buttheCu,ZnandMncontentsdecreasedcontinuouslythroughthegrowthperiod.Ca,Mg,CuandZnreachedthehighestvalueateverygrowthstageexceptthejointingstagewhenapplying120m3·hm-2PSwith90kg·hm-2urea.FeandMnreachedthehighestval鄄ueateverygrowthstagewhenapplying120m3·hm-2PSwith90kg·hm-2urea.ThecontentsofCa,Mg,Cu,Zn,FeandMnallincreasedwithincreasingPSapplicationacrossthegrowthperiod.Regardingthequalityofwheat,applying90m3·hm-2PSwith60kg·hm-2ureawasthebestferti鄄lizationpattern.CombinedapplicationsofanaerobicallytreatedPSwithNfertilizercouldincreasemedium鄄andmicro鄄elementcontentsandqualityofwheat.Generally,