造纸废水灌溉下芦苇叶片重金属含量对叶绿素荧光参数的影响
- 张立中
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2020-04-22 19:30:13
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造纸废水灌溉下芦苇叶片重金属含量对叶绿素荧光参数的影响王历瑶苏芳莉∗李海福(沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866)摘要以辽河口建群种芦苇(Phragmitesaustralis)为供试材料,采用小试装置研究在化学需氧量(CODCr)浓度分别为50、175和300mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉条件下芦苇叶片中重金属Cr6+、Zn2+和Cu2+含量和叶绿素荧光参数(Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo)的变化特征,探讨芦苇荧光参数对废水灌溉的响应机制。结果表明,造纸废水灌溉对芦苇叶片中Cr6+、Cu2+、Zn2+含量影响显著(P<0.05),最大累计值分别是对照组相应重金属离子的2.80、3.66和3.86倍,且CODCr浓度越大重金属含量越高。3种重金属在不同生育期芦苇叶片中的积累存在差异,Cr6+和Zn2+主要在成熟期积累,Cu2+主要在快速生长期积累。CODCr为50和175mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉提高了芦苇叶片光系统Ⅱ反应中心转换效率(Fv/Fm)和潜在活性(Fv/Fo),而CODCr为300mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉下,相应叶绿素荧光参数分别降低了8.19%和24.94%,表明光系统Ⅱ功能受到抑制。叶绿素荧光参数对3种重金属表现出不同响应机制,Fv/Fo和Fv/Fm值随Cr6+和Zn2+含量升高而减小,随Cu2+含量升高而增大,其中Fv/Fm与重金属Cr6+含量呈显著性负相关,Fv/Fo与Cu2+含量呈显著性正相关。关键词芦苇;化学需氧量;重金属离子;光系统Ⅱ反应中心;转换效率;潜在活性国家自然科学基金项目(31470710、31570706、31200392)和国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07202004)资助。收稿日期:2016⁃07⁃04接受日期:2016⁃12⁃10∗通讯作者E⁃mail:sufangli8@163.comEffectofcontentsofheavymetalionsinleavesofPhragmitesaustralisirrigatedbypaper⁃makingwastewateronchlorophyllfluorescenceparameters.WANGLi⁃yao,SUFang⁃li∗,LIHai⁃fu(CollegeofWaterConservancy,ShenyangAgriculturalUniversity,Shenyang110866,China).Abstract:Chlorophyllfluorescenceanalysisisacommonlyusedtechniquetostudyplantphoto⁃syntheticphysiologyandtodetectplantphysicalconditionbasedonchlorophyllfluorescencepa⁃rameters,includingconversionefficiency(Fv/Fm)andpotentialactivity(Fv/Fo)ofphotosys⁃tem(PS)atPSⅡreactioncenter.TostudytheresponseofchlorophyllfluorescenceparametersofPhragmitesaustralistoirrigationusingpaper⁃makingwastewater,theconcentrationsofheavymetalions(Cr6+,Zn2+andCu2+)andchlorophyllfluorescenceparametersinleavesofP.austra⁃liswereobserved.TheP.australisplantswerefromLiaoheEstuarywetland,andirrigatedwithpaper⁃makingwastewaterwithconcentrationofchemicaloxygendemand(CODCr)setto50,175or300mg·L-1.Theresultsshowedthatirrigationusingpaper⁃makingwastewatersignificantlyaffectedtheconcentrationsofheavymetalions(Cr6+,Zn2+andCu2+)inleaves(P<0.05).TheconcentrationsofheavymetalionsincreasedwiththeincreaseofCODCrconcentration,andthegreatestconcentrationsofCr6+,Zn2+andCu2+accumulatedinleaveswererespectively2.
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