公路运营期水资源保护技术分析

第30卷第1期2013年1月公路交通科技JournalofHighwayandTransportationResearchandDevelopmentV01．30No．1Jan．加13doi：10．3969／j．issn．1002—0268．2013．01．025公路运营期水资源保护技术分析孔亚平，刘学欣(交通运输部科学研究院，北京100029)摘要：为更好地保护公路沿线水体环境，对公路运营产生的沿线水资源影响进行系统分析，认为公路运营可能影响路域水文水系，路面径流的主要污染物为Ss和COD，使用融雪荆会引起周边水体氯离子升高，沿线设施污水达标排放率和中水回用率有待提高。结合公路运营期水环境保护技术的研究进展，归纳提出：径流净化技术向功能多元化方向发展，除很好地实现径流净化基本功能外，生态边沟和调节池与人工湿地串联技术具有一定的景观美化效果，生态种植槽能将净化后的雨水储存，待缺水时再利周，径流监控与应急处理系统可实现危化品泄露事故应急功能；使用环境友好型融雪剂能有效降低对路面基础设施的腐蚀，减轻对路域生态环境的破坏；在沿线设施污水处理领域，人工湿地和土壤渗滤技术在南方地区具有推广价值，组合处理技术在北方地区具有广阔的发展空间。关键词：环境工程；水资源保护；技术进展；路面径流；融雪剂；污水处理中图分类号：X734．03文献标识码：A文章编号：1002—0268(2013)01—0146—06AnalysisofWaterResourceProtectionTechnologyduringHighwayOperationPeriodKONGYaping，LIUXuexin(ChinaAcademyofTransportationSciences，BeOing100029，China)Abstract：Forbetterprotectingwaterenvironmentalonghighway，theimpactofhighwayoperationonwaterresourceswassystematicallyanalyzed．Itisconsideredthathighwayoperationwillaffecthydrologicalwatersystemandundergroundwater．ThemaincontaminantofroadrunoffisSSandCOD，snowmeltagentapplyingwillcauseincreaseofchlorideconcentrationinsurroundingwaters．Theroadsidefacilitieseffectivenessintermsofsewagedischargestandardandreclaimedwaterreuseneedtobeimproved．Accordingtotheresearchadvanceofwaterenvironmentprotectiontechnologyduringroadoperationprocess，itisproposedthat(1)Runoffpurificationtechnologyshouldbedevelopedasamultiplefunctionstoachievebasicrunoffpurificationfunction．Besides，thecombinationofecologicalditchesandregulatingpoolswiththeconstructedwetlandwouldbenefitthelandscapebeautification．Ecologicalplantingtankcouldstoragethepurifiedrainwater，whichthestoragewatercouldbeappliedduringthelackofrainseasons．RunoffmonitorandemergencytreatmentsystemcoulddealwithleakageaccidentsofhazardouschemicMleakage．(2)Usingenvironmentalfriendlysnow—meltingagentcaneffectivelyreducethecorrosionfromagenttowardroadsurfacefacilities，decreasetheimpactonroadsideenvironment．(3)Inthefieldofsewagetreatmentfacilitiesalonghighway，constructedwetlandsandsoilinfiltrationtechnologi