智能型膜覆盖好氧堆肥反应器设计与试验

2016年12月农业机械学报第47卷第12期doi：10．6041／j。issn．1000·1298．2016．12．029智能型膜覆盖好氧堆肥反应器设计与试验孙晓曦马双双韩鲁佳黄光群(中国农业大学工学院，北京100083)摘要：设计了一种智能型膜覆盖好氧堆肥反应器试验系统，主要包括发酵系统、布气系统、覆膜系统和控制系统。依据热力学及相关原理，进行了各子系统和整体系统的优化设计。发酵系统采用圆柱形反应器，有效容积约9OL；布气系统采用变频泵精确调速，可提供最大20L／rain曝气量，曝气精度0．1L／min；覆膜系统选用具有选择渗透性的聚四氟乙烯材料Gore膜并与发酵系统良好密封；控制系统实现多点温度、氧体积分数、压力、气体监测以及经多元反馈实时调控通风供氧量。通过好氧堆肥性能试验并经物理、化学和生物学指标综合评价，结果表明：该膜覆盖好氧堆肥反应器试验系统具有良好的发酵效果，智能化程度高，可满足开展不同需求的膜覆盖好氧堆肥试验。关键词：反应器；膜覆盖；好氧堆肥；设计；性能试验中图分类号：X705；S141．4文献标识码：A文章编号：1000—1298(2016)12-0240-06DesignandTestonLab--scaleIntelligentMembrane--coveredAerobicCompostingReactorSunXiaoxiMaShuangshuangHanLujiaHuangGuangqun(CollegeofEngineering，ChinaAgriculturalUniversity，Belting100083，China)Abstract：Thetechnologyofmembrane-coveredcompostisagoodchoicetomoreeficiently，environmentallyandcost—effectivelysolvetheproblemofagriculturewastes’pollution．Researchers，companyandgovernmentpaymoreattentiontothisnewcomposttechnology，whilelimitedresearchcanbeonlydevelopedincompostingplant．Inordertodevelopmembrane-covetedcomposttestinlaboratory，anlab-scaleintelligentmembrane—coveredaerobiccompostingreactortestsystemwaspresented，includingfermentationsystem，gasdistributionsystem，membrane—coveredsystemandcontrolsystem．Inaccordancewiththethermodynamicsandrelevantprinciples，thewholesystemandsubsystemofthereactorwereoptimized．Thereactortankwascylindricalandvolumeofthetankwas90L．Aerationsystemcanprovideanaccurateaerationwitha~equencycontrolfan，themaximumaerationratewas20L／minandtheaerationaccuracywas0．1L／min．Aselectedperviousmembrane—coveredsystemwasdesignedwhichusedP1’FEasacorematerialcomparedwithtraditionalaerobiccompostingreactorsystem．Themembrane-coveredsystemandfermentationsystemwereconnectedbyseats．Asystemofmeasurementandcontrolwasdevelopedthatcanachievetemperature，oxygenconcentration，pressure，aerationandgasreal—timeaccuratemonitoringandmultivariatefeedbackcontro1．Theresultsofpropertytestshowedthatthecomposttestsresultsweregoodaccordingtomainphysical，chemicalandbiologicalindicators．Inconclusion，