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Removal-of-nanoparticles-from-CMP-wastewater-by-magnetic

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TechnicalNoteRemovalofnanoparticlesfromCMPwastewaterbymagneticseedingaggregationChing-JuMonicaChin*,Pei-WenChen,Li-JenWangGraduateInstituteofEnvironmentalEngineering,NationalCentralUniversity,300JungdaRoad,JungliCity,Taoyuan320,Taiwan,ROCReceived21March2005;receivedinrevisedform19September2005;accepted22September2005Availableonline9November2005AbstractCMPwastewatershavehighsolidscontentresultedfromabrasivenanoparticles.TremendousamountofultrapurewaterconsumptionalsomakestheremovalofnanoparticlesfromCMPwastewatersanimportantissue.Magneticseed-ingaggregationofsilicananoparticlesfromtheoxideCMPwastewaterisstudiedinthiswork.Magnetitenanoparticlesweresynthesizedandusedasseedingparticles.TheturbidityoftheCMPwastewaterwasreducedfrom110NTUto7NTUwhensolutionpHwas6andnoadditionofsalt.Thisisbecausesilicaandmagnetitenanoparticleswerehighlyoppositelychargedandtheaggregationbetweensilicaandmagnetitenanoparticleswasachievedbyelectrostaticattrac-tions.Whentheseededwastewaterwasplacedinamagneticfieldstrengthhigherthan800G,theturbidityoftheCMPwastewaterwasreducedto1NTU,whichwasclearerthantheCMPwastewatertreatedbymanyothertechnologies.�2005ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:CMPwastewater;Nano-magnetite;Magneticseedingaggregation1.IntroductionNanoparticleshavefascinatedindustriesandresearchersfortheirbroadapplicationsinelectronicsdevices,biomedicines,andseparationprocesses.Itcanbeforeseenthattherewillbemoreandmorenanoparti-clesmanufacturedanddischargedtonaturalwaterenvi-ronments.Silicananoparticlesinchemicalmechanicalpolishing(CMP)wastewatersfromthesemiconductorindustry,forinstance,havebecomeamajorsourceofnanoscalewaste.SilicananoparticlesarecommonlyusedasabrasiveinCMPslurries,inwhichparticlesarehighlychargedtoavoidaggregationsbetweenparti-clesandparticlesorparticlesandwafersurfaces.There-fore,theCMPwastewaterhasveryhighsolidscontentandtheremovalofthosesolidshasreceivedgreatattentions.ConventionalchemicalcoagulationismostlyusedtoremovesilicananoparticlesfromtheCMPwastewater;however

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