接种高温菌剂的生活垃圾好氧堆肥处理_李秀艳

收稿日期:2003-04-03作者简介:李秀艳(1965-),女,辽宁丹东人,副教授,工学博士.E-mail:xyli@des.ecnu.edu.cn接种高温菌剂的生活垃圾好氧堆肥处理李秀艳1,2,吴星五2,高廷耀2,周群英2(1.华东师范大学环境科学与技术系,上海200062;2.同济大学城市污染控制国家工程研究中心,上海200092)摘要:接种适用于70～80℃高温环境的高效微生物菌剂,进行中试规模的城市生活垃圾高温好氧堆肥处理试验研究,为上海市某区500t·d-1生活垃圾的产业化处理处置提供技术路线.研究表明,接种高温菌剂的堆肥初始升温速度快,前8h温度升高37℃,而对照组前13h堆肥温度仅升高5℃;接种堆肥在前3d高温期温度达到80～85℃,有机物去除质量分数19.2%(前3d),第3d好气性异养细菌仍保持在1010数量级;而对照组前3d高温期的温度变化范围为65～70℃,有机物去除质量分数为11.9%(前3d),第3d好气性异养细菌降为109数量级;接种堆肥较对照组发酵周期明显缩短,一次发酵缩短3～4d,二次发酵缩短了6～7d.表明高温菌剂的投加,增强了微生物生态系统的功能,可以使堆肥的一次发酵阶段在高温条件下高效进行.关键词:高温菌剂;城市生活垃圾;堆肥中图分类号:X799.3文献标识码:A文章编号:0253-374X(2004)03-0367-05DomesticWasteCompostingwithComplexThermophilicMicrobialInoculationLIXiu-yan1,2,WUXing-wu2,GAOTing-yao2,ZHOUQun-ying2(1.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandTechnology,EastChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062,China;2.NationalEngineeringResearchCenterforUrbanPollutionControl,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:Toeffectivelydisposetheurbandomesticwastes,500t·d-1fromsomedistrictsinShanghai,aerobiccompostingoperationswerecarriedoutinamoderatetestscale,inoculatingself-developedther-mophilicbacteriawhichcouldmetabolizenormallyunderhightemperaturesof70～80℃,whilecom-postingwithoutinoculationwasaccompanied.Resultsshowedthattheinoculationcompostinghadafasterriseinstartingtemperature,areseof37℃forthefirsteighthours,butonlya5℃risewithinthefirstthirteenhoursforthecompostingwithoutinoculation.Duringtheinitialthreedays,theinocu-lationcompostingreachedhigertemperaturesfrom80℃to85℃,decompositionextentwas19.2per-cent,andviablecountofaerobicheterotrophicbacteriarecoveredonagarplateskept1010CFU·g-1,(CFU,abbreviationforcolonyformingunit)culturedseparatelyat28℃forthefirstdayandat80℃forthethirdday.Whilethecomparedcompostinghadatemperaturevariationfrom65～70℃duringthefirstthreedays,thebiodegradableextentoforganicmaterialswas11.9percent,andtheviablecountofaerobicheterotrophicbacteriarecoveredonagarplatesdecreasedto109CFU·g-1,culturedat70℃forthethirddaycomparedwiththestaringcountfor1010CFU·g-1at28℃culture.