低pH对高负荷厌氧氨氧化反应器性能的影响_陈建伟

第24卷第2期高校化学工程学报No.2Vol.242010年4月JournalofChemicalEngineeringofChineseUniversitiesApr.2010文章编号：1003-9015(2010)02-0320-05低pH对高负荷厌氧氨氧化反应器性能的影响陈建伟,郑平,唐崇俭,余燚(浙江大学环境工程系,浙江杭州310029)摘要：厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)工艺是一种新型生物脱氮工艺，具有良好的应用前景。但ANAMMOX以亚硝酸盐为电子受体，需与短程硝化(SHARON)联合应用。SHARON是一个产酸反应，而ANAMMOX是一个嗜碱反应，后者会受前者的干扰。试验结果表明，低进水pH冲击对高负荷(总氮负荷9.3~27.7kg⋅(m3⋅d)−1)ANAMMOX反应器效能具有显著影响。在一定范围内，提高总氮负荷可削弱低进水pH冲击的影响，设置回流也可缓解低进水pH冲击所致的负面效应。低进水pH冲击对厌氧氨氧化反应器效能的影响主要来自低pH与游离亚硝酸毒性的双重抑制，其中低pH的直接作用对反应器效能的影响更大。低进水pH冲击所致的反应器效能恶化可采用停车自然恢复、清水冲洗恢复和外加碱液恢复。关键词：厌氧氨氧化反应器；pH冲击；失稳机理；控制对策中图分类号：X703.1文献标识码：AEffectofLowpHonthePerformanceofHigh-loadedANAMMOXReactorCHENJian-wei,ZHENGPing,TANGChong-jian,YUYi(DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,China)Abstract:Anaerobicammoniaoxidation(ANAMMOX)processisanewbiotechnologyfornitrogenremovalandispromisinginthewastewatertreatmentengineering.However,itshouldbecombinedwithSHARON(singlereactorhighactivityammoniaremovalovernitrite)processbecauseitneedsnitritereleasedfromthelatterprocess.TheperformanceofANAMMOXprocesscouldbeinterferedbythelowpHofeffluentfromSHARONprocess.TheresultsshowthatthelowpHshockhasseriousinfluenceontheperformanceofANAMMOXreactorwithtotalnitrogenloadingrate(NLR)between9.3~27.7kg⋅(m3⋅d)−1.ButtheinfluenceoflowpHshockcouldbealleviatedbyusingrecirculationorhighernitrogenloadingrate.TheeffectoflowpHonANAMMOXreactorismainlycausedbytheinhibitionsofacidityandfreenitrousacid,betweenthem,theinhibitionofacidityisevenmoreserious.Itwasprovedthat,accordingtotheinjureddegree,theperformanceoftheANAMMOXreactordeterioratedbylowpHshockcanberestoredbytakingstrategiesofstoppingthefeedingofthereactor,flushingthereactorwithfreshwater,andaddingalkalisolutionintothereactor,respectively.Keywords:ANAMMOXreactor;pHshock;instabilitymechanism;recoverystrategy1前言厌氧氨氧化(anaerobicammoniaoxidation，简称Anammox，反应1)工艺是上世纪90年代开发的新型生物脱氮工艺，具有运行成本低、承载负荷高、污泥产量少等优点，受到了人们的青睐[1,2]。由于厌氧氨氧化以亚硝酸盐为电子受体，一般与短程硝化(singlereactorhighactivityammoniaremovalovernitrite，简称Sharon，反应2)工艺联用，使进水中