其他原核微生物

1第九节第九节其他原核微生物其他原核微生物OtherProkaryotesOtherProkaryotes一、螺旋体一、螺旋体SpirochetesSpirochetes•spirochete•spirochete是一类细长、柔软、螺旋状、是一类细长、柔软、螺旋状、运动活泼的原核细胞型微生物。运动活泼的原核细胞型微生物。•基本结构与细菌相似，例如有细胞壁、原基本结构与细菌相似，例如有细胞壁、原始核质，以二分裂方式繁殖和对抗生素等始核质，以二分裂方式繁殖和对抗生素等药物敏感等药物敏感等。2PhasecontrastphotomicrographsofPhasecontrastphotomicrographsofTreponemaTreponema（密螺旋体）（密螺旋体）saccharophilum,saccharophilum,alargepectinolyticspirochetefromalargepectinolyticspirochetefromthebovinethebovine（牛的）（牛的）rumenrumen（瘤胃）（瘤胃）.Acell.Acellmeasuresabout0.4μmindiameter.measuresabout0.4μmindiameter.Left,Regularlycoiledcells;right,Left,Regularlycoiledcells;right,irregularlycoiledcells.irregularlycoiledcells.3黄疸出血热群钩端螺旋体45二、立克次氏体和支原体二、立克次氏体和支原体Rickettsias,MycoplasmasRickettsias,MycoplasmasRickettsiasRickettsias0.20.2-0.5µmindiameter.obligate0.5µmindiameter.obligateintracellularparasites.Themajorityofintracellularparasites.Themajorityofthemaregramthemaregram-negativeandmultiplynegativeandmultiplyonlywithinhostcells.onlywithinhostcells.Binaryfissionwithinhostcells.TheyBinaryfissionwithinhostcells.TheylacktheenzymaticcapabilitytolacktheenzymaticcapabilitytoproducesufficientamountsofATPtoproducesufficientamountsofATPtosupporttheirreproduction.Theyobtainsupporttheirreproduction.TheyobtaintheATPfromhostcells.theATPfromhostcells.ManyspeciesofthemcausediseaseinManyspeciesofthemcausediseaseinhumansandotheranimals.humansandotheranimals.