基于植被生态需水的隧道排水量确定方法研究

第35卷第7期2013年7月铁道学报JOURNALOFTHECHINARAILWAYSOCIETYVol_35No．7July2013文章编号：1001—8360(2013)07—0107—07基于植被生态需水的隧道排水量确定方法研究程盼，李亮，邹金锋，赵炼恒，(中南大学土木工程学院，湖南长沙410075)罗伟摘要：隧道地下水大量渗漏易造成洞顶影响范围内生态环境破坏，针对如何确定合适涌渗水量以确保生态平衡问题，引入生态学、农学中有关植被生态需水概念，通过调研分析确定隧址区植被所允许的最大地下水位降深，结合地下水动力学方法以及经验公式，确定隧道涌渗水后地下水达到最大降深时疏干漏斗范围及体积；并通过疏干漏斗体积、涌渗水量以及储水系数关系确定隧道所允许排放的最大水量。结合算例并与实际工程中设计排水量进行对比，在考虑隧址区实际工程地质、水文地质条件情况下，所提出方法计算得出的排水标准与实际工程接近。该方法能够达到隧道工程与地下水环境生态平衡，可为隧道建设提供参考。关键词：植被生态需水；涌水量预测；疏干漏斗；排水量中图分类号：U453．61文献标志码：Adoi：10．3969／j．issn．1001—836O．2013．07．018DeterminationMethodforWaterDischargeofTunnelBasedontheEcologicalWaterRequirementofVegetationCHENGPan，LILiang，ZOUJin—feng，ZHAOLian—heng，LUOWei(SchoolofCivilEngineering，CentralSouthUniversity，Changsha410075，China)Abstract：Thelarge—quantityleakageofgroundwaterduetotunnelconstructionwillresultintheecologicalde—structioninthetopareaofmountain．Thus，toappropriatelypredicatethequantityofwaterthatseepsoutoftunnelissignificanttotheecologicalbalance．Theecologyandagronomywithrespecttotheecologicalwaterrequirementsofvegetationwereintroducedinthispaper．Further，themaximumallowablegroundwaterleveldrawdownofthevegetationinthetunnelsitewasdeterminedthroughinvestigation&analysis．Then，combi—ningthegroundwaterdynamicsandtherelatedempiricalformula，theareaandvolumeofdewateringfunnelwereobtainedwhenthedrawdowngroundwatertablereachedthemaximumvalueafterseepage．Moreover，theallowablemaximumamountofdischargewasdeterminedbytheformulawhichexpressedtherelationshipa—mongthevolumeofdewateringfunnel，waterdischargeandstorativity．Comparingthenumericalexamplewithengineeringpractice，thecalculateddrainagestandardisfoundclosetothestandardadoptedinengineeringpracticewhenrealgeologicalandhydrogeologicalconditionsaretakenintoconsiderationfortheresearcharea．Thepresentedmethodcanbalancetunnelengineeringconstructionandecologicalgroundwaterenvironment，therebyofferingreferencetotunnelengineeringconstruction．Keywords：ecologicalwaterrequirementofvegetation；waterinflowforecast；dewateringfunnel；dischargeofWi