To study the performance of biocarriers in

To study the performance of biocarriers inREVIEWSTostudytheperformanceofbiocarriersinmovingbedbiofilmreactor(MBBR)technologyandkineticsofbiofilmforretrofittingtheexistingaerobictreatmentsystems:areviewAnjaliBarwal•RubinaChaudharyPublishedonline:9April2014�SpringerScience+BusinessMediaDordrecht2014AbstractMovingbedbiofilmreactor(MBBR)incorporatesbenefitsprovidedbybothattachedandsuspendedgrowthsystems.Itisanadvancedhighratewastewatertreatmenttechnologywithhightreatmentefficiency;lowcapital,operational,maintenanceandreplacementcost;singlereliableandrobustoperationprocedure.Moreover,thistechnologyisapplicabletowiderangeofwastewaterflowsrangingfrom10,000to150,000m3day-1.TheMBBRhasprovedtobeeffectiveinremovingupto90%chemicaloxygendemandand95%biochemicaloxygendemandwithnutrientsfromtheeffluentstreamatoptimumcondi-tion,providedthereissufficientretentiontime.Itisacost-effectivewayofupgradingexistingwastewatertreatmentsystemasitisefficient,compactandeasytooperate.Thisprocesscanbeprovidedfornewse